Contents: Introduction: Moral Shocks, Backlash Protest, and Critical Junctures. Examining the Conditions and Effects of Transformative Events by Jannis Julien Grimm and Myriam Ahmed Multilayered Contingencies of Transformative Events. Civil Resistance and Regime Interactions in 1980s Northern Somalia by Ebba Tellander Who's to Blame? Discursive Constraints on Backfire after Violent Protests by Dorte Fischer From Repression to Participation? How Violent Tactics in Nonviolent Campaigns Influence Backfire by Monika Onken Moral Shocks and (De)mobilization. The Case of the Palestinian Liberation Movement by Dana El Kurd, Alexei Abrahams, and Nasir Almasri